The earliest known discovery of citrine dates back to the 1600s, with its name derived from the French word "citron," which translates to "lemon." Quartz and topaz are, in fact, distinct mineral species. However, prior to the clarification of these differences, numerous cultures referred to citrine (the yellow variant of quartz) by various names such as gold topaz, Madeira, or Spanish topaz—leading to the confusion surrounding these yellow gemstones. In ancient times, it was believed that citrine gemstones had the power to soothe tempers, reduce anger, and fulfill desires, especially those associated with wealth.

To tap into these alleged abilities, the Egyptians employed citrine as talismans, the ancient Greeks inscribed important images on them, and Roman priests fashioned them into rings. Later, mineralogists found that amethyst and smoky quartz could undergo heat treatment to produce the lemony and golden honey hues typical of citrine, resulting in an influx of affordable enhanced gemstones in the mid-18th century. Once citrine was accurately distinguished from topaz, it quickly became fashionable in women's jewelry as well as in men's cufflinks and rings. Today, it remains one of the most cost-effective and frequently purchased yellow gemstones.

Because they are both part of the quartz family, amethyst and citrine can form a single gem, known as “ametrine.” This gem features both purple and yellow hues, usually at either end of the stone. Citrines can be subjected to enhancements including heat treatment, irradiation, and coating. Natural, untreated citrine is uncommon and typically fetches higher prices compared to heat-treated citrine. The value of citrine is also affected by the intensity and uniformity of its color, clarity, and size. Deep, vibrant orange-yellow hues are particularly desirable and command premium prices. Citrine can be safely cleaned using warm, soapy water and a soft cloth. It is advisable to avoid extreme heat or direct sunlight, as well as harsh chemicals.